Inhuman toilets discourage children from using them, having major negative consequences. Many students avoid consuming food and drink to avoid toilet visits. Missing toilet visits affect well-being and learning, and at worst, missing toilet visits can have health-damaging consequences. This project will test and develop new materials and technologies in order to create safe, welcoming, hygienic and reliable toilet conditions in primary schools; for the benefit of students and teachers and for streamlining operations and cleaning. Better hygiene efforts are expected to reduce sick leave.